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µî·ÏÀÏ 2017-07-03 13:27

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À̹øÁÖ ÁÖÁ¦´Â Faces and first impressionsÀÔ´Ï´Ù.


Can we trust our first impressions?

Scientist Alexander Todorov believes that very often our first impressions are wrong.


Alexander Todorov has been researching our impressions.

His tests asked people to decide whether they thought faces were dominant, competent, trustworthy or extroverted.



So what did he find out?


Faces that look happy and feminine – like a woman - were rated as more trustworthy.

Faces that were more masculine – like a man – were seen as more dominant.

Wider faces with big eyes were seen as more extroverted.






Now the important thing that Todorov says is that these judgements aren't accurate. Someone who looks competent isn't necessarily competent!


So, what does this mean in practice? Here's Professor Todorov:


Professor Alexander Todorov, Princeton University
Trustworthiness, dominance and attractiveness are the three big things that we form impressions of people.

But interestingly we have done some work predicting the electoral success of politicians, and the judgement that is most predictive of who is going to win the election is perceived competence.

And this is not random at all, because if you ask voters what is the most important attribute of a politician, competence is the one on the top. 


People say that the most important attribute( or quality) for a politician is competence – the ability to do things.

But because we make judgements based on appearance – this can actually affect how people vote.


If voters believe – or perceive someone to be competent – they're more likely to vote for him or her.

He says this applies especially to people who are less educated about politics – they are more likely to be influenced by appearance.

He says this applies to around 25% of voters – so the number of people who go with their gut is large enough to influence the outcomes of elections!



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Todorov says faces carry useful information about things like a person's mental state, and whether they're tired or sick. But they don't tell you about a person's character.

It's not only elections where this counts, we also judge during job interviews and meetings.


So what can we do to minimise the chances of being affected – should we just close our eyes when we meet people?
There's the example of the Boston Symphony Orchestra – back in the 1950s it was entirely made up of male musicians. They then introduced 'blind auditions' in other words they listened to new musicians without looking at them.


Around 50%. Of course, gender and race are also huge factors in how we perceive faces. Todorov says we tend to react most positively to faces that look like our own.




°ü·Ã µ¿¿µ»óÀÔ´Ï´Ù ^^ Âü°íÇϼ¼¿ä~


https://www.youtube.com/embed/pzlvpgUw--E


https://www.youtube.com/embed/eK0NzsGRceg






******************************************************************************


    Vocabulary


    first impression
    the idea or opinion of someone or something you make after a very short time

    the first judgemnet you make about sonthing.


        


    trustworthy
    able to be trusted


           


    extroverted
    (of a person) happy and enjoying being with others

    extrovert ¡ê intrivert (usually need to spend time on their own and aren't as loud)

     


    attributes

    qualities

    (ex) Mathematical ability is an essential attribute for an engineer.




    perception
    opinion based on how things appear


     


    to go with your gut
    make a decision based on feelings




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