ºÐ»ç´Â ÇöÀçºÐ»ç¿Í °ú°ÅºÐ»ç°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
µÑ ´Ù µ¿»çÀÇ º¯ÈÇüÀε¥ ÇöÀçºÐ»ç´Â ¸» ±×´ë·Î ÇöÀ絿»çÀÇ º¯ÈÇüÀ̰í
°ú°ÅºÐ»ç´Â °ú°Åµ¿»çÀÇ º¯ÈÇüÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
ÇöÀçºÐ»ç´Â µ¿»çÀÇ ÇöÀçÇü ³¡¿¡´Ù°¡ '~ing'°¡ ºÙÀº °ÍÀ¸·Î
µ¿¸í»ç¿Í ¶È°°Àº ¸ð¾çÀ̱⠶§¹®¿¡ ±× ±â´ÉÀ¸·Î¼ ±¸º°ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
°ú°ÅºÐ»ç´Â ±ÔÄ¢Àû º¯ÈÀÏ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â µ¿»çÀÇ °ú°ÅÇü°ú ¸ð¾çÀÌ °°°í ºÒ±ÔÄ¢ÀûÀÎ º¯ÈÀÏ ¶§´Â ¸ð¾çÀÌ ¹Ù²î°Ô µË´Ï´Ù.
1. work (ÇöÀçÇü µ¿»ç) - working (ÇöÀçºÐ»ç)
worked(°ú°ÅÇü µ¿»ç) - worked (°ú°ÅºÐ»ç) ¡æ ±ÔÄ¢º¯È
2. write(ÇöÀçÇü µ¿»ç) - writing (ÇöÀçºÐ»ç)
wrote(°ú°ÅÇü µ¿»ç) - written (°ú°ÅºÐ»ç) ¡æ ºÒ±ÔÄ¢º¯È
°ú°ÅºÐ»ç´Â ¿Ï·á½ÃÁ¦¸¦ À§ÇØ Á¸ÀçÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
°ú°ÅºÐ»ç(¿µ¾î·Î´Â "Past Participle", ÁÙ¿©¼ pp ¶ó°í ÇÏÁö¿ä.) ¸¦
°øºÎÇϽ÷Á¸é ÀÏ´Ü ½ÃÁ¦¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±âº»ÀûÀÎ °³³äÀÌ ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¿Ö³Ä¸é °ú°ÅºÐ»ç´Â ¿Ï·á½ÃÁ¦¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»±â À§ÇØ ¾²ÀÌ´Â °ÍÀ̴ϱî¿ä.
½ÃÁ¦´Â Å©°Ô °ú°ÅÇü(~ed), ÇöÀçÇü(±×³Éµ¿»ç), ¹Ì·¡Çü(will ~)À¸·Î
³ª´ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
±×¸®°í ÀÌ ¼¼ ½ÃÁ¦´Â ´Ù½Ã ÁøÇàÇü(~ing)°ú ¿Ï·áÇü
(¿©±â¼ ¹Ù·Î °ú°ÅºÐ»ç°¡ ¾²ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. have + °ú°ÅºÐ»ç)À¸·Î ³ª´©¾îÁý´Ï´Ù.
±×·¯´Ï±î °ú°ÅÇüÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ´Ü¼ø°ú°Å(~ed), °ú°ÅÁøÇà(was/were ~ing),
°ú°Å¿Ï·á(had + °ú°ÅºÐ»ç).
ÇöÀçÇüÀÇ °æ¿ì´Â ´Ü¼øÇöÀç, ÇöÀçÁøÇà(be ~ing), ÇöÀç¿Ï·á(have + pp).
¹Ì·¡ÇüÀÇ °æ¿ì´Â ´Ü¼ø¹Ì·¡(will ~), ¹Ì·¡ÁøÇà(will be ~ing),
¹Ì·¡¿Ï·á(will have + pp).
±×·¯´Ï±î °ú°ÅºÐ»ç´Â µ¿»ç µÚ¿¡ ºÙ´Â Á¢¹Ì¾î¸¦ ¹Ù²ã¼ ¿Ï·á½ÃÁ¦¸¦
³ªÅ¸³»±â À§ÇØ ¾²ÀÌ´Â °Ì´Ï´Ù.
°ú°ÅÇü µ¿»ç¿Í´Â ´Ù¸¥ °Ì´Ï´Ù.
»çÀü µÚ¿¡ º¸¸é "µ¿»ç¿øÇü-°ú°ÅÇü-°ú°ÅºÐ»çÇü"À¸·Î Ç¥°¡ ³ª¿ÍÀÖÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï±î.
±×¸®°í °ú°ÅºÐ»ç´Â ¼öµ¿Å ¸¸µé¶§µµ ¾²ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. be + p.p.
°ú°ÅºÐ»ç´Â ¼öµ¿ÀÇ ÀÇ¹Ì·Î ÇØ¼®ÀÌ µË´Ï´Ù.
He broke the window.
The window is broken by him.
¿©±â¼ broke(break)´Â '±ú¶ß¸®´Ù'·Î ÇØ¼®ÀÌ µÇÁö¸¸
is brokenÀº '±ú¾îÁö´Ù'·Î ÇØ¼®ÀÌ µÇ´Â°Ì´Ï´Ù.
°ú°ÅºÐ»ç´Â ´Üµ¶À¸·Î µ¿»ç·Î ¾²ÀÌÁö ¸øÇÏ°í ¹Ýµå½Ã beµ¿»ç³ª
have¸¦ µ¿¹ÝÇØ¾ß¸¸
µ¿»ç·Î ¾µ ¼ö ÀÖ´ä´Ï´Ù. ±×·¡¼ ¼öµ¿Å´ be+p.p
ÇöÀç¿Ï·á´Â have+p.p¶ó°í ÇÏÁö¿ä.
±×·¯´Ï °ú°Å ºÐ»ç¸¦ ±â¾ïÇÏ½Ç ¶§, µ¿»ç¿¡¼ ³ª¿Â°ÍÀÌÁö¸¸
Ȧ·Î µ¿»ç¿ªÇÒÀ» ¸øÇÑ´Ù´Â °Í°ú
¸¸¾à °ú°Å ºÐ»ç È¥ÀÚ ³ª¿Â ±¸¹®ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù¸é ±×°ÍÀº Ʋ¸° °ÍÀ̶ó´Â
°ÍÀ» ²À ±â¾ïÇϽðí.¼öµ¿ÀÇ Àǹ̷Π¹ø¿ªÀÌ µÈ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ±â¾ïÇÏ½Ã¸é µÇ°Ú³×¿ä
°ú°ÅºÐ»ç ¼³¸íŬ¸¯
C. °ú°ÅºÐ»çÀÇ ÇüÅÂ¿Í ÀǹÌ
1 : °ú°ÅºÐ»çÀÇ ÇüÅÂ¿Í ¿ªÇÒ
°ú°ÅºÐ»ç´Â µ¿»çÀÇ °ú°ÅºÐ»çÇüÀ¸·Î¡¸have/has+°ú°ÅºÐ»ç¡¹ÀÇ ¿Ï·áÇüÀ̳ª
¡¸be+°ú°ÅºÐ»ç¡¹ÀÇ ¼öµ¿ÅÂ, ¶Ç´Â ¸í»ç¸¦ ¼ö½ÄÇÏ´Â Çü¿ë»ç·Î ¾²ÀδÙ.
I have known him for a long time. (³ª´Â ¿À·§µ¿¾È ±×¸¦ ¾Ë°í Áö³»¿Ô´Ù.)
< ¢Ñ have knownÀº ÇöÀç¿Ï·á >
I have been to Europe twice this year. (³ª´Â ¿ÃÇØ À¯·´¿¡ µÎ ¹ø °¬´Ù ¿Ô´Ù.)
< ¢Ñ have beenÀº ÇöÀç¿Ï·á >
The doctor has not come here yet. (ÀÇ»ç´Â ¾ÆÁ÷ ¿©±â ¿ÀÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.)
< ¢Ñ has comeÀº ÇöÀç¿Ï·á >
She is loved by everyone. (±×³à´Â ¸ðµÎ¿¡°Ô¼ »ç¶ûÀ» ¹Þ´Â´Ù.)
< ¢Ñ is loved´Â ¼öµ¿Å >
The poems were written by Rossetti. (±×½ÃµéÀº ·ÎÁ¦Æ¼¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¾²¿©Áø °ÍÀÌ´Ù.)
< ¢Ñ were writtenÀº ¼öµ¿Å >
Look at that broken window. (Àú ±úÁø â¹®À» º¸¼¼¿ä.)
< ¢Ñ brokenÀº window¸¦ ¼ö½ÄÇÏ´Â Çü¿ë»ç ¿ë¹ý >
2 : °ú°ÅºÐ»çÀÇ ÀǹÌ
°ú°ÅºÐ»ç´Â¡¸¡µÇ¾îÁø¡¹,¡¸~ÇÏ¿©Áø¡¹À̶ó´Â Àǹ̸¦ °¡Áø´Ù.
À̶§ ¼ö½Ä ¹Þ´Â ¸í»ç¿Í °ú°ÅºÐ»ç´Â ¼öµ¿ÀÇ °ü°è¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
Look at that broken window. (Àú ±úÁø â¹®À» º¸¼¼¿ä.)
< ¢Ñ that broken window ¢¡ that window was broken >
She wears a white dress made in Korea.
(±×³à´Â Çѱ¹¿¡¼ ¸¸µé¾îÁø Èò»ö µå·¹½º¸¦ ÀÔ°í ÀÖ´Ù.)
< ¢Ñ a white dress made in Korea ¢¡ a white dress was made in Korea >
Âü°í : ¿ì¸®¸»¿¡´Â ¿ø·¡ ¼öµ¿Å°¡ ¾ø±â ¶§¹®¿¡ °ú°ÅºÐ»ç¸¦¡¸¡µÇ¾îÁø¡¹,¡¸~ÇÏ¿©Áø¡¹À̶ó´Â Àǹ̷ΠÁ÷¿ªÇÏ¸é ¾î»öÇÑ °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹´Ù.
ÀÌ·± °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ´Éµ¿ÀÇ Àǹ̷ΠÀûÀýÇÑ ¿ì¸®¸»À» ã¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
spoken English (¸»ÇÏ¿©Áø ¿µ¾î ¡æ ±¸¾î ¿µ¾î)
a used car (»ç¿ëµÇ¾îÁø Â÷ ¡æ Áß°íÂ÷)
boiled egg (»î¾ÆÁø ´Þ°¿ ¡æ »îÀº ´Þ°¿)
a boy named Mike (¸¶ÀÌÅ©¶ó°í À̸§Áö¾îÁø ¼Ò³â ¡æ ¸¶ÀÌÅ©¶ó´Â ¼Ò³â)
Âü°í : ÀÚµ¿»çÀÇ °ú°ÅºÐ»ç°¡ ¸í»ç¸¦ ¼ö½ÄÇÒ ¶§´Â¡¸~ÇØ ¹ö¸°¡¹
À̶ó´Â ¿Ï·áÀÇ Àǹ̰¡ µÈ´Ù.
fallen leaves (¶³¾îÁ® ¹ö¸° ÀÙ ¡æ ³«¿±)
the risen sun (¶°¿À¸¥ žç)
D. °ú°ÅºÐ»çÀÇ Çü¿ë»çÀû ¿ë¹ý
¸í»çÀÇ ¾Õ, µÚ¿¡¼ ±× ¸í»ç¸¦ Á÷Á¢ ¼ö½ÄÇϰųª º¸¾îÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ´Â
Çü¿ë»çÀû ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù.
1 : °ú°ÅºÐ»çÀÇ ÇÑÁ¤Àû ¿ë¹ý
(1) °ú°ÅºÐ»ç°¡ ´Üµ¶À¸·Î ¸í»ç¸¦ ¼ö½ÄÇÏ¸é ¸í»ç ¾Õ¿¡ ¿À°Ô µÈ´Ù.
The wounded soldiers were carried to the hospital.
(ºÎ»ó´çÇÑ ±ºÀεéÀº º´¿øÀ¸·Î Èļ۵Ǿú´Ù.)
We often use this expression in spoken English.
(¿ì¸®´Â ÈçÈ÷ ÀÌ Ç¥ÇöÀ» ±¸¾îü ¿µ¾î·Î »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.)
(2) °ú°ÅºÐ»ç µÚ¿¡ µÚµû¸£´Â ¾î±¸°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸é ¼ö½ÄÇÏ´Â ¸í»çÀÇ µÚ¿¡ ³õÀÌ°Ô µÈ´Ù. À̶§´Â °ú°ÅºÐ»ç ¾Õ¿¡¡¸°ü°è´ë¸í»ç+be µ¿»ç¡¹¸¦ º¸ÃæÇØ º¸¸é
±× Àǹ̸¦ ´õ¿í ¸íÈ®È÷ ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
The car repaired by that mechanic is mine.
(±× ±â°è°øÀÌ ¼ö¸®ÇÑ Â÷´Â ³» Â÷ÀÌ´Ù.)
= The car (that is) repaired by that mechanic is mine.
I didn¡¯t open the letter sent to me yesterday.
(³ª´Â ¾îÁ¦ ³»°Ô ¿Â ÆíÁö¸¦ ¶âÁöµµ ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.)
= I didn¡¯t open the letter (which was) sent to me yesterday.
I bought a car made in Japan. (³ª´Â ÀϺ»Á¦ ÀÚµ¿Â÷¸¦ Çϳª »ò´Ù.)
= I bought a car (which was) made in Japan.
The novel written by Hemingway is interesting.
(Çì¹Ö¿þÀ̰¡ ¾´ ±× ¼Ò¼³Àº Àç¹ÌÀÖ´Ù.)
= The novel (which was) written by Hemingway is interesting.
2 : °ú°ÅºÐ»çÀÇ ¼¼úÀû ¿ë¹ý
(1) °ú°ÅºÐ»ç´Â ÀÚµ¿»ç ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ¾²¿© Áְݺ¸¾îÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù.
She remains unmarried. (±×³à´Â ¹ÌÈ¥ÀÌ´Ù.)
He got injured in the accident. (±×´Â ±× »ç°í·Î ´ÙÃÆ´Ù.)
You looked much worried. (´ç½ÅÀº ¹«Ã´ ±Ù½É½º·¯¿î µí º¸¿´´Ù.)
They remained satisfied with the result.
(±×µéÀº ±× °á°ú¿¡ ¸¸Á·ÇØÇϰí ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.)
I became acquainted with him. (³ª´Â ±×¸¦ Àß ¾Ë°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù.)
(2)¡¸µ¿»ç£«¸ñÀû¾î£«°ú°ÅºÐ»ç¡¹ÀÇ ÇüÅ·Π¾²¿© ¸ñÀûº¸¾îÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù.
I heard my name called. (³ª´Â ³» À̸§ÀÌ ºÒ·ÁÁö´Â °ÍÀ» µé¾ú´Ù.
¡æ ³ª´Â ´©±º°¡ ³» À̸§À» ºÎ¸£´Â ¼Ò¸®¸¦ µé¾ú´Ù.)
He left those things undone. (±×´Â ±× ÀϵéÀ» ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ä ³²°Ü µÎ¾ú´Ù.)
He could make himself understood in English.
(±×´Â ¿µ¾î·Î ÀÇ»ç ¼ÒÅëÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.)
I found the street crowded with cars and buses.
(³ª´Â °Å¸®¿¡ Â÷¿Í ¹ö½º°¡ ºÏÀû´í´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù.)
She wants her house painted white.
(±×³à´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÁýÀÌ Èò»öÀ¸·Î Ä¥ÇØÁö±â¸¦ ¹Ù¶õ´Ù.)
We found the mountain covered with snow.
(¿ì¸®´Â ±× »êÀÌ ´«À¸·Î µÚµ¤¿©ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù.)
(3)¡¸have/get£«¸ñÀû¾î£«°ú°ÅºÐ»ç¡¹ÀÇ ÇüÅ·Π¾²¿© ¸ñÀûº¸¾îÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù.
À̶§ ÁÖ¾îÀÇ ÀÇÁö°¡ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì¿¡´Â¡¸¡½ÃŰ´Ù¡¹¶ó´Â »ç¿ªÀÇ ¶æÀÌ µÇ°í,
ÁÖ¾îÀÇ ÀÇÁö¿Í °ü°è¾ø´Â °æ¿ì¿¡´Â¡¸¡´çÇÏ´Ù¡¹¶ó´Â ¼öµ¿ÀÇ ¶æÀÌ µÈ´Ù.
I had my picture taken. (³ª´Â ³» »çÁøÀÌ ÂïÇôÁö°Ô Çß´Ù.
¡æ ³ª´Â »çÁøÀ» Âï¾ú´Ù.)
I want to have my hair cut. (³ª´Â À̹ßÀ» ÇÏ°í ½Í´Ù.)
I got my shoes cleaned. (³ª´Â ½Å¹ßÀ» ´Ûµµ·Ï ½ÃÄ×´Ù.)
He had his car washed. (±×´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Â÷¸¦ ¼¼Â÷½ÃÄ×´Ù.)
I¡¯d like to have it wrapped, please. (±×°ÍÀ» Æ÷ÀåÇØ ÁֽʽÿÀ.)
She had her purse stolen. (±×³à´Â Áö°©À» µµ³ ´çÇß´Ù.)
I got my leg broken. (³» ´Ù¸®°¡ ºÎ·¯Á³´Ù.)
º¸Ãæ ÇнÀ :¡¸have£«¸ñÀû¾î£«¿øÇüºÎÁ¤»ç¡¹¿Í¡¸have£«¸ñÀû¾î£«°ú°ÅºÐ»ç¡¹
µÎ °¡Áö ¸ðµÎ 5Çü½ÄÀÇ ¹®ÀåÀ¸·Î¼¡¸have£«¸ñÀû¾î£«¿øÇüºÎÁ¤»ç¡¹¿¡¼ ¸ñÀû¾î¿Í ¿øÇüºÎÁ¤»ç´Â ´Éµ¿ÀÇ¡¸ÁÖ¾î+¼ú¾î¡¹°ü°è¿¡ ÀÖ°í,¡¸have£«¸ñÀû¾î£«°ú°ÅºÐ»ç¡¹
¿¡¼ ¸ñÀû¾î¿Í °ú°ÅºÐ»ç´Â ¼öµ¿ÀÇ¡¸ÁÖ¾î+¼ú¾î¡¹°ü°è¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
I had him wash my car. (³ª´Â ±×¿¡°Ô ³» Â÷¸¦ ¼¼Â÷Çϵµ·Ï ½ÃÄ×´Ù.)
I had my car washed. (³ª´Â ³» Â÷¸¦ ¼¼Â÷½ÃÄ×´Ù.)
-¾ßÈÄ¿Í ³×À̹ö¿¡¼-
»ýȰ°Ô½ÃÆÇ¿¡ °í¼ö´Ôµé °è½Ã´Ï ¹®ÀÇ ÇϽʽÿä.